SpringMVC执行流程结合源码分析

一：使用

<!--配置核心控制器-一个servlet-->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVCDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置初始化参数，用于读取 SpringMVC 的配置文件 -->
    <init-param>
        <!--contextConfigLocation固定写法-->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置 servlet 的对象的创建时间点：应用加载时创建。
        取值只能是非 0 正整数，表示启动顺序 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVCDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

二：请求都会执行doService()方法

@Override
protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    // 日志设置
   if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      String resumed = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).hasConcurrentResult() ? " resumed" : "";
      logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'" + resumed +
            " processing " + request.getMethod() + " request for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "]");
   }

   // 保存请求快照
   Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
   if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
      attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<>();
      Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
      while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
         String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
         if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PREFIX)) {
            attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
         }
      }
   }

   // 设置request属性
   request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
   request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
   request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
   request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());

   // 每次处理请求时，都会先判断一下FlashMap中是否有数据
   // 如果有就先设置到 inputFlashMap里面，也就是保存上次转发过来的属性
   // 再设置到Model里面
   // 解决重定向时隐藏传递数据问题
   if (this.flashMapManager != null) {
      FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
      if (inputFlashMap != null) {
         // 如果不为空，就代表前一次请求（一般是重定向）中有设置参数，就把这些参数存进现在的FlashMap中 这样的话请求中就带有上一个重定向传过来的参数
         request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
      }
      request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
      request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
   }

   try {
       
      doDispatch(request, response);
   }
   finally {
      if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
         // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
         if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
            restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
         }
      }
   }
}

三：doDispatch(request, response)：

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
   HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
   HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
   boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

   WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

   try {
      ModelAndView mv = null;
      Exception dispatchException = null;

      try {
         processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
         multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

         // DispatcherServlet对请求URL进行解析，得到请求资源标识符（URI）。然后根据该URI，调用HandlerMapping获得该Handler配置的所有相关的对象（包括Handler对象以及Handler对象对应的拦截器），最后以HandlerExecutionChain对象的形式返回；
         mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
         if (mappedHandler == null) {
            noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
            return;
         }

         // DispatcherServlet 根据获得的Handler，选择一个合适的HandlerAdapter。（附注：如果成功获得HandlerAdapter后，此时将开始执行拦截器的preHandler(…)方法）。
         HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

         // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
         String method = request.getMethod();
         boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
         if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
            long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
               logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
            }
            if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
               return;
            }
         }

         if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
            return;
         }

         // 执行目标方法
         mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

         if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
            return;
         }

         applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
         // Handler执行完成后，向DispatcherServlet 返回一个ModelAndView对象然后调用拦截器的postHandle方法。
         mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
      }
      catch (Exception ex) {
         dispatchException = ex;
      }
      catch (Throwable err) {
         // As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
         // making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
         dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
      }
       // 将渲染结果返回给客户端
      processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
   }
   catch (Exception ex) {
      triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
   }
   catch (Throwable err) {
      triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
            new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
   }
   finally {
      if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
         // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
         if (mappedHandler != null) {
            mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
         }
      }
      else {
         // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
         if (multipartRequestParsed) {
            cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
         }
      }
   }
}